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The Chakras are energy vortices of the energy body that comprise part of the energy system. When perfectly open and balanced, one is lead to the experience of a harmonious reality, connection to the Oneness in everything, and ultimately to union with the Divine Consciousness.
Muladhara (The Base Chakra)

The Base Chakra, or Muladhara, is also known as the root, adhara, mula, padma, brahma padma or bhumi chakra. It is the first of the seven chakras and is associated with the element Earth, symbolising the densest grade of manifestation and the basis of life.
In the kundalini yoga system of Shaktism, the Muladhara centre is described as having four lotus petals, blood-red in colour, each corresponding to the psychological states of greatest joy, natural pleasure, delight in controlling passions and blissfulness in concentration, leading to meditation.
The Functions of Muladhara
In terms of energetics, this chakra channels Earth energy upwards through the feet and legs to process and stabilise it. It then moves the energy on, up the spine, now transmuted into a form that the body recognises as signals, to balance the endocrine system through the release of hormones. When we do not get the full flow of this Earth Energy, imbalances in our physical body result.
‘Grounding’ or ‘rooting’ us is the main function of Muladhara. When we are grounded, we are at one with life and Muladhara functions as intended. We enter into a sympathetic vibration with the electromagnetic frequency of the Earth, coming into tune with the beat of Her heart.
Muladhara is also closely associated with returning karma - the sum of our experiences from previous existences. This is sometime referred to as ‘good’ or ‘bad’ karma, but all karma is there for us to learn from, and we are fortunate if we believe that we get more than one chance at life.
The first and second chakras also act as the energetic recycling bin of the auric field. They change negative emotional energies into power and light, and return to Earth any ‘toxic waste’ that the other chakras cannot deal with, thus keeping the rainbow purity of the aura. If our Muladhara chakra is dissociated from the Earth, we cannot expel these waste emotions.
Source: The Chakra Bible by Patricia Mercier

Main Characteristics at a Glance
Colour: Red
Key Issues: Sexuality, Lust, Obsession
Physical Location: Between the anus and groin, opening downwards
Associated Spinal area: 4th Sacral vertebra
Physiological System: Reproductive
Endocrine Gland: Gonads
Nerve Plexus: Sacral-coccygeal
Inner Aspect: Grounding spiritual energies
Physical Action: Sexuality
Mental Action: Stability
Emotional Action: Sensuality
Spiritual Action: Security